Locomotor disability:
👉means problem in moving from one place to another, that is, disability in legs. But, in general, it is taken as a disability related to bones, joints and muscles.
👉It causes problems in a person's movements (like walking, picking or holding things in hand, etc.)
Amputation (removal of limb or a part of it) obviously becomes the cause of locomotor disability.
👉 Paralysis is caused due to a large number of reasons. ...Cerebral Palsy.
Muscular dystrophy.Short stature/ dwarfism. Neurological conditions.
Cardiopulmonary diseases.
Visual impairment:
👉 is defined as a decreased ability to see to a degree that causes problems not fixable by usual means, such as glasses or medication.
👉Visual impairment can be due to disease, trauma, or congenital or degenerative conditions.
👉Common types of visual impairment Loss of Central Vision Loss of Peripheral (Side) Vision Blurred Vision Generalized Haze
Extreme Light Sensitivity
Night Blindness
Mental illnesses:
👉are health conditions involving changes in emotion, thinking or behavior (or a combination of these).
👉Mental illnesses are associated with distress and/or problems functioning in social, work or family activities.
👉Excessive fear or uneasiness: Feeling afraid, anxious, nervous, or panicked Mood changes: Deep sadness, inability to express joy, indifference to situations, feelings of hopelessness, laughter at inappropriate times for no apparent reason, orthoughts of suicide Problems thinking:Inability to concentrate or problems with memory or logical thoughts and speech that are hard to explain
Sleep or appetite changes: Sleeping and eating dramatically more or less than usual, noticeable and rapid weight gain or loss
Withdrawal: Sitting and doing nothing for long periods of time or dropping out of previously enjoyed activities.
Mental retardation (MR) :
👉 refers to substantial limitations in present functioning.
👉 It starts before age 18 and is characterized by significantly subaverage intellectual functioning, existing concurrently with related limitations in two or more of the following applicable adaptive skill areas: communication
self-care home living
social skills community use
self-direction health and safety functional academics
leisure work Traditionally, MR has been classified into 5 categories: mild MR – IQ from (50-55) to 70 moderate MR – IQ from (35-40) to (50-55) severe MR – IQ from (20-25) to (35-40) profound MR – IQ below (20-25)
Hearing impairment :
👉is a full or partial decrease in the ability to detect or understand sounds.It can be mild, moderate, severe, or
profound, to the point of total deafness.
👉This is classified as a disability under the ADA and if unable to work is eligible for disability payments.
👉There are four types of hearing loss: Conductive Hearing Loss Hearing loss caused by something that stops sounds from getting through the outer or middle ear.
👉This type of hearing loss can often be treated with medicine or surgery.
👉Sensorineural Hearing Loss Hearing loss that occurs when there is a problem in the way the inner ear or hearing nerve works. Mixed Hearing Loss
Hearing loss that includes both a conductive and a sensorineural hearing loss.
Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder Hearing loss that occurs when sound enters the ear normally, but because of damage to the inner ear or the hearing nerve, sound isn’t organized in a way that the brain can understand.
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